Utilitários
Bootstrap includes dozens of utilities—classes with a single purpose. They’re designed to reduce the frequency of highly repetitive declarations in your CSS down while allowing for quick and easy development.
Contents
- Contents
- Espaçamentos
- Alinhamento de texto
- Tranformar texto
- Cores e fundos de contextos
- Ícone de fechar
- Flutuar rapidamente (Floats)
- Centralizar conteúdo
- Esconder conteúdo
- Ocultar conteúdo
- Leitores de tela
- Substituindo por imagem
- Responsive embeds
Espaçamentos
Assign margin
or padding
to an element or a subset of its sides with shorthand classes. Includes support for individual properties, all properties, and vertical and horizontal properties. All classes are multiples on the global default value, 1rem
.
Margens
.m-a-0 { margin: 0 !important; }
.m-t-0 { margin-top: 0 !important; }
.m-r-0 { margin-right: 0 !important; }
.m-b-0 { margin-bottom: 0 !important; }
.m-l-0 { margin-left: 0 !important; }
.m-x-0 { margin-right: 0 !important; margin-left: 0 !important; }
.m-y-0 { margin-top: 0 !important; margin-bottom: 0 !important; }
.m-a { margin: $spacer !important; }
.m-t { margin-top: $spacer-y !important; }
.m-r { margin-right: $spacer-x !important; }
.m-b { margin-bottom: $spacer-y !important; }
.m-l { margin-left: $spacer-x !important; }
.m-x { margin-right: $spacer-x !important; margin-left: $spacer-x !important; }
.m-y { margin-top: $spacer-y !important; margin-bottom: $spacer-y !important; }
.m-x-auto { margin-right: auto !important; margin-left: auto !important; }
.m-a-md { margin: ($spacer * 1.5) !important; }
.m-t-md { margin-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5) !important; }
.m-r-md { margin-right: ($spacer-y * 1.5) !important; }
.m-b-md { margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5) !important; }
.m-l-md { margin-left: ($spacer-y * 1.5) !important; }
.m-x-md { margin-right: ($spacer-x * 1.5) !important; margin-left: ($spacer-x * 1.5) !important; }
.m-y-md { margin-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5) !important; margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5) !important; }
.m-a-lg { margin: ($spacer * 3) !important; }
.m-t-lg { margin-top: ($spacer-y * 3) !important; }
.m-r-lg { margin-right: ($spacer-y * 3) !important; }
.m-b-lg { margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3) !important; }
.m-l-lg { margin-left: ($spacer-y * 3) !important; }
.m-x-lg { margin-right: ($spacer-x * 3) !important; margin-left: ($spacer-x * 3) !important; }
.m-y-lg { margin-top: ($spacer-y * 3) !important; margin-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3) !important; }
Preenchimentos
.p-a-0 { padding: 0 !important; }
.p-t-0 { padding-top: 0 !important; }
.p-r-0 { padding-right: 0 !important; }
.p-b-0 { padding-bottom: 0 !important; }
.p-l-0 { padding-left: 0 !important; }
.p-x-0 { padding-left: 0 !important; padding-right: 0 !important; }
.p-y-0 { padding-top: 0 !important; padding-bottom: 0 !important; }
.p-a { padding: $spacer !important; }
.p-t { padding-top: $spacer-y !important; }
.p-r { padding-right: $spacer-x !important; }
.p-b { padding-bottom: $spacer-y !important; }
.p-l { padding-left: $spacer-x !important; }
.p-x { padding-right: $spacer-x !important; padding-left: $spacer-x !important; }
.p-y { padding-top: $spacer-y !important; padding-bottom: $spacer-y !important; }
.p-a-md { padding: ($spacer * 1.5) !important; }
.p-t-md { padding-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5) !important; }
.p-r-md { padding-right: ($spacer-y * 1.5) !important; }
.p-b-md { padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5) !important; }
.p-l-md { padding-left: ($spacer-y * 1.5) !important; }
.p-x-md { padding-right: ($spacer-x * 1.5) !important; padding-left: ($spacer-x * 1.5) !important; }
.p-y-md { padding-top: ($spacer-y * 1.5) !important; padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 1.5) !important; }
.p-a-lg { padding: ($spacer * 3) !important; }
.p-t-lg { padding-top: ($spacer-y * 3) !important; }
.p-r-lg { padding-right: ($spacer-y * 3) !important; }
.p-b-lg { padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3) !important; }
.p-l-lg { padding-left: ($spacer-y * 3) !important; }
.p-x-lg { padding-right: ($spacer-x * 3) !important; padding-left: ($spacer-x * 3) !important; }
.p-y-lg { padding-top: ($spacer-y * 3) !important; padding-bottom: ($spacer-y * 3) !important; }
Alinhamento de texto
Easily realign text to components with text alignment classes.
Left aligned text.
Center aligned text.
Right aligned text.
Justified text.
No wrap text.
<p class="text-left">Left aligned text.</p>
<p class="text-center">Center aligned text.</p>
<p class="text-right">Right aligned text.</p>
<p class="text-justify">Justified text.</p>
<p class="text-nowrap">No wrap text.</p>
Tranformar texto
Transform text in components with text capitalization classes.
Lowercased text.
Uppercased text.
Capitalized text.
<p class="text-lowercase">Lowercased text.</p>
<p class="text-uppercase">Uppercased text.</p>
<p class="text-capitalize">Capitalized text.</p>
Cores e fundos de contextos
Convey meaning through color with a handful of emphasis utility classes. These may also be applied to links and will darken on hover just like our default link styles.
Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris nibh.
Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.
Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula.
Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit sit amet non magna.
Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.
Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.
<p class="text-muted">Fusce dapibus, tellus ac cursus commodo, tortor mauris nibh.</p>
<p class="text-primary">Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.</p>
<p class="text-success">Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula.</p>
<p class="text-info">Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit sit amet non magna.</p>
<p class="text-warning">Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.</p>
<p class="text-danger">Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</p>
Similar to the contextual text color classes, easily set the background of an element to any contextual class. Anchor components will darken on hover, just like the text classes.
<div class="bg-primary">Nullam id dolor id nibh ultricies vehicula ut id elit.</div>
<div class="bg-success">Duis mollis, est non commodo luctus, nisi erat porttitor ligula.</div>
<div class="bg-info">Maecenas sed diam eget risus varius blandit sit amet non magna.</div>
<div class="bg-warning">Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.</div>
<div class="bg-danger">Donec ullamcorper nulla non metus auctor fringilla.</div>
<div class="bg-inverse">Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum.</div>
Dealing with specificity
Sometimes contextual classes cannot be applied due to the specificity of another selector. In some cases, a sufficient workaround is to wrap your element’s content in a <div>
with the class.
Conveying meaning to assistive technologies
Ensure that any meaning conveyed through color is also conveyed in a format that is not purely presentational.
Ícone de fechar
Use a generic close icon for dismissing content like modals and alerts. Be sure to include screen reader text when you can as we’ve done with .sr-only
.
<button type="button" class="close" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">×</span>
<span class="sr-only">Close</span>
</button>
Flutuar rapidamente (Floats)
Float an element to the left or right with a class. !important
is included to avoid specificity issues. Classes can also be used as mixins.
<div class="pull-left">Float left</div>
<div class="pull-right">Float right</div>
// Classes
.pull-left {
float: left !important;
}
.pull-right {
float: right !important;
}
// Usage as mixins
.element {
@include pull-left;
}
.another-element {
@include pull-right;
}
Centralizar conteúdo
Set an element to display: block;
and center via margin
. Available as a mixin and class.
<div class="center-block">Centered block</div>
// Class
.center-block {
display: block;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
}
// Usage as a mixin
.element {
@include center-block;
}
Easily clear float
s by adding .clearfix
to the parent element. Utilizes the micro clearfix as popularized by Nicolas Gallagher. Can also be used as a mixin.
<div class="clearfix">...</div>
// Mixin itself
.clearfix() {
&:before,
&:after {
content: " ";
display: table;
}
&:after {
clear: both;
}
}
// Usage as a mixin
.element {
@include clearfix;
}
Esconder conteúdo
Hide any HTML element with the [hidden]
attribute. Previously, v3.x included a .hidden
class that forced toggled content. However, we removed it due to conflicts with jQuery’s hide()
function. It’s taken from PureCSS. While [hidden]
isn’t natively supported by IE9-10, declaring it display: none
in our CSS gets around that problem.
Furthermore, .invisible
can be used to toggle the visibility of an element, meaning its display
is not modified and the element can still affect the flow of the document.
<input type="text" hidden>
Ocultar conteúdo
The .invisible
class can be used to toggle only the visibility of an element, meaning its display
is not modified and the element can still affect the flow of the document.
<div class="invisible">...</div>
// Class
.invisible {
visibility: hidden;
}
// Usage as a mixin
.element {
.invisible();
}
Leitores de tela
Hide an element to all devices except screen readers with .sr-only
. Combine .sr-only
with .sr-only-focusable
to show the element again when it’s focused (e.g. by a keyboard-only user). Can also be used as mixins.
<a class="sr-only sr-only-focusable" href="#content">Skip to main content</a>
// Usage as a mixin
.skip-navigation {
@include sr-only;
@include sr-only-focusable;
}
Substituindo por imagem
Utilize the .text-hide
class or mixin to help replace an element’s text content with a background image.
<h1 class="text-hide">Custom heading</h1>
// Usage as a mixin
.heading {
@include text-hide;
}
Responsive embeds
Allow browsers to determine video or slideshow dimensions based on the width of their containing block by creating an intrinsic ratio that will properly scale on any device.
Rules are directly applied to <iframe>
, <embed>
, <video>
, and <object>
elements; optionally use an explicit descendant class .embed-responsive-item
when you want to match the styling for other attributes.
Pro-Tip! You don’t need to include frameborder="0"
in your <iframe>
s as we override that for you.
<div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9">
<iframe class="embed-responsive-item" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/zpOULjyy-n8?rel=0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
Aspect ratios can be customized with modifier classes.
<!-- 21:9 aspect ratio -->
<div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-21by9">
<iframe class="embed-responsive-item" src="..."></iframe>
</div>
<!-- 16:9 aspect ratio -->
<div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9">
<iframe class="embed-responsive-item" src="..."></iframe>
</div>
<!-- 4:3 aspect ratio -->
<div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-4by3">
<iframe class="embed-responsive-item" src="..."></iframe>
</div>